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Huffman Algorithm
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1: Initialization: put all symbols on the list sorted according to their 
   frequency counts.

2: Repeat until the list has only one symbol left:

   a: From the list, pick two symbols with the lowest frequency counts. 
      Form a Huffman subtree that has these two symbols as child nodes 
      and create a parent node for them.

   b: Assign the sum of the children's frequency counts to the parent and 
      insert it into the list, such that the order is maintained.

   c: Delete the children from the list.

3: Assign a codeword for each leaf based on the path from the root.